Cowley2004

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Cowley2004
BibType ARTICLE
Key Cowley2004
Author(s) Sarah Cowley, Jan Mitcheson, Anna Houston
Title Structuring health needs assessments: the medicalisation of health visiting
Editor(s)
Tag(s) EMCA, Medical EMCA, Conversation Analysis, Surveillance, Resistance, Health needs assessment, Health visiting, Medicalisation, Foucault
Publisher
Year 2004
Language
City
Month
Journal Sociology of Health & Illness
Volume 26
Number 5
Pages 503–526
URL Link
DOI 10.1111/j.0141-9889.2004.00403.x
ISBN
Organization
Institution
School
Type
Edition
Series
Howpublished
Book title
Chapter

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Abstract

This paper draws on Foucault to understand the changing discourse and impact of structured ‘health needs assessments’ on health visiting practice. Literature about this activity makes little mention of the long-standing social purposes of health visiting, which include surveillance of vulnerable and invisible populations, providing them, where needed, with help and support to access protective and supportive services. Instead, the discourse has been concerned primarily with an epidemiological focus and public health, which is associated with risk factors and assessments.

The use of pre-defined needs assessment schedules suggests that health visiting activity can be sanctioned and clients’ needs serviced only if they reach the threshold of pre-determined, epidemiologically-defined risk. Their effect on practice is examined through a conversation analysis of ten health visitor/client interactions using two different structured needs assessment tools. The study indicates that the health visitors, like their clients, were controlled by institutional expectations of their role; analysis of their conversations shows how they achieved the requirements of the organisational agenda. Structuring client needs and health visiting practice through the use of formal needs assessment tools emphasises the epidemiological focus of the health service above the need to arrange support for vulnerable individuals. In this respect, it serves as a marker in the continued medicalisation of health visiting.

Notes